The graph above shows trends in adult participation in education and training in five OECD countries in 2016 and 2022. ① Among these countries, the percentage of adults in the Netherlands who participated in education and training was the highest in each year listed in the graph. ② In Germany, the percentage of adults who participated in education and training in 2022 was higher than that in 2016. ③ In 2022, the percentage of adults who participated in education and training was lower in Spain than in Germany. ④ In Italy, the percentage of adults who participated in education and training in 2016 was lower than that in 2022. ⑤ In each year listed, the percentage of adults in Greece who participated in education and training was less than 20%.