통찰력 있는 피이쉐어, 한국 No.1
M Quiz 단어 문법 회화 작문 교과서 수능 소설

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1. 다음을 듣고, 남자가 하는 말의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.







답:   
M: Hello, viewers. Thank you for clicking on this video. I’m Ronnie Drain, and I’ve been a personal fitness trainer for over 15 years. Today, I’d like to tell you about my channel, Build Your Body. On my channel, you can watch videos showing you how to do a variety of exercises that you can do at home or at your office. If you’ve experienced difficulty exercising regularly, my videos can provide easy guidelines and useful resources on exercise routines. New videos will be uploaded every Friday. Visit my channel and build a stronger, healthier body.

 

 

2. 대화를 듣고, 여자의 의견으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.







답:   
W: Good morning, Chris.
M: Good morning, Julie. How was your weekend?
W: It was wonderful. I went to an event called Stargazing Night with my 7-year-old son.
M: Oh, so you went outdoors to look up at stars. Your son must have had a great time.
W: Yes. And I think it helped my son become familiar with mathematical concepts.
M: Interesting! How does it do that?
W: By counting the stars together, my son had a chance to practice counting to high numbers.
M: Ah, that makes sense.
W: Also, he enjoyed identifying shapes and tracing patterns that stars form together.
M: Sounds like you had a magical and mathematical night!
W: Absolutely. I think looking at stars is a good way for kids to get used to mathematical concepts.
M: Maybe I should take my daughter to the event next time.

 

 

3. 대화를 듣고, 두 사람의 관계를 가장 잘 나타낸 것을 고르시오.







답:   
M: Hello, Ms. Watson. Thank you for accepting my interview request.
W: My pleasure. You must be Michael from Windmore High School.
M: Yes. I’m honored to interview the person who designed the school I’m attending.
W: Thank you. I’m very proud of that design.
M: What was the concept behind it?
W: When planning the design of the school building, I wanted to incorporate elements of nature into it.
M: I see. Did you apply this concept in any other building designs?
W: Yes. Skyforest Tower. My design included mini gardens for each floor and a roof-top garden, making the building look like a rising forest.
M: That’s impressive. Actually, my art teacher is taking us on a field trip there next week.
W: Really? Make sure to visit the observation deck on the 32nd floor. The view is spectacular.
M: Thanks. I’ll check it out with my classmates.

 

 

4. 대화를 듣고, 그림에서 대화의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오.

1    2    3    4    5

답:   
W: Wow, Sam. You turned the student council room into a hot chocolate booth.
M: Yes, Ms. Thompson. We’re ready to sell hot chocolate to raise money for children in need.
W: Excellent. What are you going to put on the bulletin board under the clock?
M: I’ll post information letting people know where the profits will go.
W: Good. I like the banner on the wall.
M: Thanks. I designed it myself.
W: Awesome. Oh, I’m glad you put my stripe-patterned tablecloth on the table.
M: Thanks for letting us use it. Did you notice the snowman drawing that’s hanging on the tree?
W: Yeah. I remember it was drawn by the child you helped last year. By the way, there are three boxes on the floor. What are they for?
M: We’re going to fill those up with donations of toys and books.
W: Sounds great. Good luck.

 

 

5. 대화를 듣고, 남자가 여자를 위해 할 일로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.







답:   
M: Hi, Mary. You look worried. What’s the matter?
W: Hi, Steve. Remember the report about wildflowers I’ve been working on?
M: Of course. That’s for your biology class, right?
W: Yeah. I was able to get pictures of all the wildflowers in my report except for daisies.
M: I see. Can’t you submit your report without pictures of daisies?
W: No. I really need them. I even tried to take pictures of daisies myself, but I found out that they usually bloom from spring to fall.
M: You know what? This spring, I went hiking with my dad and took some pictures of wildflowers.
W: Do you have them on your phone? Can I see them?
M: Sure. Have a look.
W: Oh, the flowers in the pictures are daisies! These will be great for my report.
M: Really? Then I’ll send them to you.
W: Thanks. That would be very helpful.

 

 

6. 대화를 듣고, 여자가 지불할 금액을 고르시오.







답:   
M: Welcome to the Chestfield Hotel. How may I help you?
W: Hi, I’m Alice Milford. I made a reservation for me and my husband.
M: [Typing sound] Here it is. You reserved one room for one night at the regular rate of $100.
W: Can I use this 10% discount coupon?
M: Sure, you can.
W: Fantastic. And is it possible to stay one more night?
M: Let me check. [Mouse clicking sound] Yes, the same room is available for tomorrow.
W: Good. Do I get a discount for the second night, too?
M: Sorry. The coupon doesn’t apply to the second night. It’ll be $100. Do you still want to stay an extra night?
W: Yes, I do.
M: Great. Will you and your husband have breakfast? It’s $10 per person for each day.
W: No thanks. We’ll be going out early to go shopping. Here’s my credit card.

 

 

7. 대화를 듣고, 남자가 텐트를 반품하려는 이유를 고르시오.







답:   
W: Honey, I’m home.
M: How was your day?
W: Alright. Hey, did you order something? There’s a large box outside the door.
M: It’s the tent we bought online for our camping trip. I’m returning it.
W: Is it because of the size? I remember you said it might be a little small to fit all of us.
M: Actually, when I set up the tent, it seemed big enough to hold us all.
W: Then, did you find a cheaper one on another website?
M: No, price is not the issue.
W: Then, why are you returning the tent?
M: It’s too heavy to carry around. We usually have to walk a bit to get to the campsite.
W: I see. Is someone coming to pick up the box?
M: Yes. I already scheduled a pickup.

 

 

8. 대화를 듣고, Bradford Museum of Failure에 관해 언급되지 않은 것을 고르시오.







답:   
M: Hey, Kelly. Have you been to the Bradford Museum of Failure?
W: I’ve never even heard of it.
M: Well, I went there yesterday and it was amazing.
W: What does the museum exhibit?
M: It exhibits numerous failed products from the world’s best-known companies.
W: Interesting. That makes me curious about the purpose of founding the museum.
M: It was founded to deliver the message that we need to admit our failures to truly succeed.
W: That’s quite a message, and it makes a lot of sense. Did it just open?
M: No, it opened in 2001.
W: How come I’ve never heard of it?
M: I guess many people don’t know about it. But visiting the museum was an eye-opening experience.
W: Where is it?
M: It’s located in Greenfalls, Hillside.
W: That’s not too far from here. I’ll be sure to visit it.

 

 

9. National Baking Competition에 관한 다음 내용을 듣고, 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오.







답:   
W: Hello, listeners. I’m Carla Jones from the National Baking Association. I’m glad to announce that we’re hosting the National Baking Competition on December 20th. It’s an annual event aimed to discover people with a talent and passion for baking. This year, the theme of the competition is “healthy desserts.” We had the most applicants in the history of this competition, and only 10 participants will advance to the final round. The top three will win the grand prize of $10,000 each, and the recipes of the winners will appear in our magazine. You can enjoy watching the entire competition from home. It’ll be broadcast live on our website starting from 9 a.m. If you’re a food lover, you won’t want to miss watching this event.

 

 

10. 다음 표를 보면서 대화를 듣고, 여자가 주문할 재사용 빨대 세트를 고르시오.







답:   
M: Hi, Nicole. What are you doing?
W: Hi, Jack. I’m trying to buy a reusable straw set on the Internet. Do you want to see?
M: Sure. [Pause] These bamboo ones seem good. They’re made from natural materials.
W: That’s true, but I’m worried they may not dry quickly.
M: Okay. Then let’s look at straws made from other materials. How much are you willing to spend on a set of straws?
W: I don’t want to spend more than $10.
M: That’s reasonable. How about length?
W: To use with my tumbler, eight or nine inches should be perfect.
M: Then you’re down to these two. A carrying case would be very useful when going out.
W: Good point. I’ll take your recommendation and order this set now.

 

 

11. 대화를 듣고, 남자의 마지막 말에 대한 여자의 응답으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.







답:   
M: Lisa, are you okay from all the walking we did today?
W: Actually, Dad, my feet are tired from all the sightseeing. Also, I’m thirsty because the weather is so hot out here.
M: Oh, then let’s go somewhere inside and get something to drink. Where should we go?
W: ___________

 

 

12. 대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.







답:   
W: Excuse me, sir. I’m from the management office. You cannot park here because we’re about to close off this section of the parking lot.
M: Why? What’s going on here?
W: We’re going to paint the walls in this section. If there are cars parked here, we cannot start our work.
M: __________

 

 

13. 대화를 듣고, 남자의 마지막 말에 대한 여자의 응답으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Woman:







답:   
W: Hi. Can I get some help over here?
M: Sure. What can I help you with?
W: I’m thinking of buying this washing machine.
M: Good choice. It’s our best-selling model.
W: I really like its design and it has a lot of useful features. I’ll take it.
M: Great. However, you’ll have to wait for two weeks. We’re out of this model right now.
W: Oh, no. I need it today. My washing machine broke down yesterday.
M: Then how about buying the one on display?
W: Oh, I didn’t know I could buy the displayed one.
M: Sure, you can. We can deliver and install it today.
W: That’s just what I need, but it’s not a new one.
M: Not to worry. It’s never been used. Also, like with the new ones, you can get it repaired for free for up to three years.
W: That’s good.
M: We can also give you a 20% discount on it. It’s a pretty good deal.
W: __________

 

 

14. 대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Man:







답:   
[Cell phone rings.]
M: Hello, Joe Burrow speaking.
W: Hello. This is Officer Blake from the Roselyn Police Station.
M: Oh, it’s good to speak to you again.
W: Nice to speak to you, too. Do you remember the boy who found your briefcase and brought it here?
M: Sure. I wanted to give him a reward. But he wouldn’t accept it.
W: I remember you saying that before.
M: Yeah. I’d still like to somehow express my thanks in person.
W: Good. That’s why I’m calling you. Are you available next Friday at 10 a.m.?
M: Yes. I’m free at that time. Why?
W: The boy will receive the Junior Citizen Award for what he’s done for you.
M: That’s great news!
W: There’ll be a ceremony for him at the police station, and he invited you as his guest. I was wondering if you can make it.
M: __________

 

 

15. 다음 상황 설명을 듣고, Ben이 Stacy에게 할 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Ben:







답:   
W: Ben and Stacy are neighbors. Ben has been growing tomatoes in his backyard for several years. Ben shares his tomatoes with Stacy every year because she loves his fresh tomatoes. Today, Ben notices that his tomatoes will be ready to be picked in about a week. However, he leaves for a month-long business trip tomorrow. He’s worried that there’ll be no fresh tomatoes left in his backyard by the time he comes back. He’d like Stacy to have them while they are fresh and ripe. So, Ben wants to tell Stacy that she can come and get the tomatoes from his backyard whenever she wants. In this situation, what would Ben most likely say to Stacy?

 

 

16. 남자가 하는 말의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?







답:   
M: Hello, students. Last time, I gave you a list of English expressions containing color terms. Today, we’ll learn how these expressions got their meanings. The first expression is “out of the blue,” meaning something happens unexpectedly. It came from the phrase “a lightning bolt out of the blue,” which expresses the idea that it’s unlikely to see lightning when there’s a clear blue sky. The next expression, “white lie,” means a harmless lie to protect someone from a harsh truth. This is because the color white traditionally symbolizes innocence. Another expression, “green thumb,” refers to a great ability to cultivate plants. Planting pots were often covered with tiny green plants, so those who worked in gardens had green-stained hands. The last expression, “to see red,” means to suddenly get very angry. Its origin possibly comes from the belief that bulls get angry and attack when a bullfighter waves a red cape. I hope this lesson helps you remember these phrases better.

 

 

17. 언급된 색깔이 아닌 것은?







답:   
M: Hello, students. Last time, I gave you a list of English expressions containing color terms. Today, we’ll learn how these expressions got their meanings. The first expression is “out of the blue,” meaning something happens unexpectedly. It came from the phrase “a lightning bolt out of the blue,” which expresses the idea that it’s unlikely to see lightning when there’s a clear blue sky. The next expression, “white lie,” means a harmless lie to protect someone from a harsh truth. This is because the color white traditionally symbolizes innocence. Another expression, “green thumb,” refers to a great ability to cultivate plants. Planting pots were often covered with tiny green plants, so those who worked in gardens had green-stained hands. The last expression, “to see red,” means to suddenly get very angry. Its origin possibly comes from the belief that bulls get angry and attack when a bullfighter waves a red cape. I hope this lesson helps you remember these phrases better.

 

 

18. 다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?

Dear Friends,

Season’s greetings. As some of you already know, we are starting the campus food drive. This is how you participate. You can bring your items for donation to our booths. Our donation booths are located in the lobbies of the campus libraries. Just drop off the items there during usual library hours from December 4 to 23. The donated food should be non-perishable like canned meats and canned fruits. Packaged goods such as jam and peanut butter are also good. We will distribute the food to our neighbors on Christmas Eve. We truly appreciate your help.

Many blessings,
Joanna at Campus Food Bank







답:   

 

 

19. 다음 글에 드러난 ‘I’의 심경 변화로 가장 적절한 것은?

Once again, I had lost the piano contest to my friend. When I learned that Linda had won, I was deeply troubled and unhappy. My body was shaking with uneasiness. My heart beat quickly and my face became reddish. I had to run out of the concert hall to settle down. Sitting on the stairs alone, I recalled what my teacher had said. “Life is about winning, not necessarily about winning against others but winning at being you. And the way to win is to figure out who you are and do your best.” He was absolutely right. I had no reason to oppose my friend. Instead, I should focus on myself and my own improvement. I breathed out slowly. My hands were steady now. At last, my mind was at peace.







답:   

 

 

20. 다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

Developing expertise carries costs of its own. We can become experts in some areas, like speaking a language or knowing our favorite foods, simply by living our lives, but in many other domains expertise requires considerable training and effort. What’s more, expertise is domain specific. The expertise that we work hard to acquire in one domain will carry over only imperfectly to related ones, and not at all to unrelated ones. In the end, as much as we may want to become experts on everything in our lives, there simply isn’t enough time to do so. Even in areas where we could, it won’t necessarily be worth the effort. It’s clear that we should concentrate our own expertise on those domains of choice that are most common and/or important to our lives, and those we actively enjoy learning about and choosing from.







답:   

 

 

21. 밑줄 친 the role of the ‘lion’s historians’ 가 다음 글에서 의미 하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

There is an African proverb that says, ‘Till the lions have their historians, tales of hunting will always glorify the hunter’. The proverb is about power, control and law making. Environmental journalists have to play the role of the ‘lion’s historians’. They have to put across the point of view of the environment to people who make the laws. They have to be the voice of wild India. The present rate of human consumption is completely unsustainable. Forest, wetlands, wastelands, coastal zones, eco-sensitive zones, they are all seen as disposable for the accelerating demands of human population. But to ask for any change in human behaviour ― whether it be to cut down on consumption, alter lifestyles or decrease population growth ― is seen as a violation of human rights. But at some point human rights become ‘wrongs’. It’s time we changed our thinking so that there is no difference between the rights of humans and the rights of the rest of the environment.







답:   

 

 

22. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?

Prior to file-sharing services, music albums landed exclusively in the hands of music critics before their release. These critics would listen to them well before the general public could and preview them for the rest of the world in their reviews. Once the internet made music easily accessible and allowed even advanced releases to spread through online social networks, availability of new music became democratized, which meant critics no longer had unique access. That is, critics and laypeople alike could obtain new music simultaneously. Social media services also enabled people to publicize their views on new songs, list their new favorite bands in their social media bios, and argue over new music endlessly on message boards. The result was that critics now could access the opinions of the masses on a particular album before writing their reviews. Thus, instead of music reviews guiding popular opinion toward art (as they did in preinternet times), music reviews began to reflect ― consciously or subconsciously ― public opinion.

* laypeople: 비전문가







답:   

 

 

23. 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?

Difficulties arise when we do not think of people and machines as collaborative systems, but assign whatever tasks can be automated to the machines and leave the rest to people. This ends up requiring people to behave in machine-like fashion, in ways that differ from human capabilities. We expect people to monitor machines, which means keeping alert for long periods, something we are bad at. We require people to do repeated operations with the extreme precision and accuracy required by machines, again something we are not good at. When we divide up the machine and human components of a task in this way, we fail to take advantage of human strengths and capabilities but instead rely upon areas where we are genetically, biologically unsuited. Yet, when people fail, they are blamed.







답:   

 

 

24. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

People don’t usually think of touch as a temporal phenomenon, but it is every bit as time-based as it is spatial. You can carry out an experiment to see for yourself. Ask a friend to cup his hand, palm face up, and close his eyes. Place a small ordinary object in his palm ― a ring, an eraser, anything will do ― and ask him to identify it without moving any part of his hand. He won’t have a clue other than weight and maybe overall size. Then tell him to keep his eyes closed and move his fingers over the object. He’ll most likely identify it at once. By allowing the fingers to move, you’ve added time to the sensory perception of touch. There’s a direct analogy between the fovea at the center of your retina and your fingertips, both of which have high acuity. Your ability to make complex use of touch, such as buttoning your shirt or unlocking your front door in the dark, depends on continuous time-varying patterns of touch sensation.

* analogy: 유사 ** fovea: (망막의) 중심와(窩) *** retina: 망막







답:   

 

 

25. 다음 도표의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

The graph above shows the online shares of retail sales for each of six countries in 2012 and in 2019. The online share of retail sales refers to the percentage of retail sales conducted online in a given country. ① For each country, its online share of retail sales in 2019 was larger than that in 2012. ② Among the six countries, the UK owned the largest online share of retail sales with 19.7% in 2019. ③ In 2019, the U.S. had the second largest online share of retail sales with 16.5%. ④ In 2012, the online share of retail sales in the Netherlands was larger than that in France, whereas the reverse was true in 2019. ⑤ In the case of Spain and Italy, the online share of retail sales in each country was less than 5.0% both in 2012 and in 2019.

1    2    3    4    5

답:   

 

 

26. Frank Hyneman Knight에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

Frank Hyneman Knight was one of the most influential economists of the twentieth century. After obtaining his Ph.D. in 1916 at Cornell University, Knight taught at Cornell, the University of Iowa, and the University of Chicago. Knight spent most of his career at the University of Chicago. Some of his students at Chicago later received the Nobel Prize. Knight is known as the author of the book Risk, Uncertainty and Profit, a study of the role of the entrepreneur in economic life. He also wrote a brief introduction to economics entitled The Economic Organization, which became a classic of microeconomic theory. But Knight was much more than an economist; he was also a social philosopher. Later in his career, Knight developed his theories of freedom, democracy, and ethics. After retiring in 1952, Knight remained active in teaching and writing.

* entrepreneur: 기업가







답:   

 

 

27. City of Sittka Public Bike Sharing Service에 관한 다음 안내문의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?







답:   

 

 

28. Jason’s Photography Class에 관한 다음 안내문의 내용과 일치하는 것은?







답:   

 

 

29. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

Regulations covering scientific experiments on human subjects are strict. Subjects must give their informed, written consent, and experimenters must submit their proposed experiments to thorough examination by overseeing bodies. Scientists who experiment on themselves can, functionally if not legally, avoid the restrictions ① associated with experimenting on other people. They can also sidestep most of the ethical issues involved: nobody, presumably, is more aware of an experiment’s potential hazards than the scientist who devised ② it. Nonetheless, experimenting on oneself remains ③ deeply problematic. One obvious drawback is the danger involved; knowing that it exists ④ does nothing to reduce it. A less obvious drawback is the limited range of data that the experiment can generate. Human anatomy and physiology vary, in small but significant ways, according to gender, age, lifestyle, and other factors. Experimental results derived from a single subject are, therefore, of limited value; there is no way to know ⑤ what the subject’s responses are typical or atypical of the response of humans as a group.

* consent: 동의 ** anatomy: (해부학적) 구조

*** physiology: 생리적 현상

1    2    3    4    5

답:   

 

 

30. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?

How the bandwagon effect occurs is demonstrated by the history of measurements of the speed of light. Because this speed is the basis of the theory of relativity, it’s one of the most frequently and carefully measured ① quantities in science. As far as we know, the speed hasn’t changed over time. However, from 1870 to 1900, all the experiments found speeds that were too high. Then, from 1900 to 1950, the ② opposite happened ― all the experiments found speeds that were too low! This kind of error, where results are always on one side of the real value, is called “bias.” It probably happened because over time, experimenters subconsciously adjusted their results to ③ match what they expected to find. If a result fit what they expected, they kept it. If a result didn’t fit, they threw it out. They weren’t being intentionally dishonest, just ④ influenced by the conventional wisdom. The pattern only changed when someone ⑤ lacked the courage to report what was actually measured instead of what was expected.

* bandwagon effect: 편승 효과

1    2    3    4    5

답:   

 

 

31. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

In the classic model of the Sumerian economy, the temple functioned as an administrative authority governing commodity production, collection, and redistribution. The discovery of administrative tablets from the temple complexes at Uruk suggests that token use and consequently writing evolved as a tool of centralized economic governance. Given the lack of archaeological evidence from Uruk-period domestic sites, it is not clear whether individuals also used the system for ____________________. For that matter, it is not clear how widespread literacy was at its beginnings. The use of identifiable symbols and pictograms on the early tablets is consistent with administrators needing a lexicon that was mutually intelligible by literate and nonliterate parties. As cuneiform script became more abstract, literacy must have become increasingly important to ensure one understood what he or she had agreed to.

* archaeological: 고고학적인 ** lexicon: 어휘 목록

*** cuneiform script: 쐐기 문자







답:   

 

 

32. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Choosing similar friends can have a rationale. Assessing the survivability of an environment can be risky (if an environment turns out to be deadly, for instance, it might be too late by the time you found out), so humans have evolved the desire to associate with similar individuals as a way to perform this function efficiently. This is especially useful to a species that lives in so many different sorts of environments. However, the carrying capacity of a given environment ____________________. If resources are very limited, the individuals who live in a particular place cannot all do the exact same thing (for example, if there are few trees, people cannot all live in tree houses, or if mangoes are in short supply, people cannot all live solely on a diet of mangoes). A rational strategy would therefore sometimes be to avoid similar members of one’s species.







답:   

 

 

33. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Thanks to newly developed neuroimaging technology, we now have access to the specific brain changes that occur during learning. Even though all of our brains contain the same basic structures, our neural networks are as unique as our fingerprints. The latest developmental neuroscience research has shown that the brain is much more malleable throughout life than previously assumed; it develops in response to its own processes, to its immediate and distant “environments,” and to its past and current situations. The brain seeks to create meaning through establishing or refining existing neural networks. When we learn a new fact or skill, our neurons communicate to form networks of connected information. Using this knowledge or skill results in structural changes to allow similar future impulses to travel more quickly and efficiently than others. High-activity synaptic connections are stabilized and strengthened, while connections with relatively low use are weakened and eventually pruned. In this way, our brains are ____________________.

* malleable: 순응성이 있는 ** prune: 잘라 내다







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34. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Successful integration of an educational technology is marked by that technology being regarded by users as an unobtrusive facilitator of learning, instruction, or performance. When the focus shifts from the technology being used to the educational purpose that technology serves, then that technology is becoming a comfortable and trusted element, and can be regarded as being successfully integrated. Few people give a second thought to the use of a ball-point pen although the mechanisms involved vary ― some use a twist mechanism and some use a push button on top, and there are other variations as well. Personal computers have reached a similar level of familiarity for a great many users, but certainly not for all. New and emerging technologies often introduce both fascination and frustration with users. As long as ____________________ in promoting learning, instruction, or performance, then one ought not to conclude that the technology has been successfully integrated ― at least for that user.

* unobtrusive: 눈에 띄지 않는







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35. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?

Workers are united by laughing at shared events, even ones that may initially spark anger or conflict. Humor reframes potentially divisive events into merely “laughable” ones which are put in perspective as subservient to unifying values held by organization members. Repeatedly recounting humorous incidents reinforces unity based on key organizational values. ① One team told repeated stories about a dumpster fire, something that does not seem funny on its face, but the reactions of workers motivated to preserve safety sparked laughter as the stories were shared multiple times by multiple parties in the workplace. ② Shared events that cause laughter can indicate a sense of belonging since “you had to be there” to see the humor in them, and non-members were not and do not. ③ Since humor can easily capture people’s attention, commercials tend to contain humorous elements, such as funny faces and gestures. ④ Instances of humor serve to enact bonds among organization members. ⑤ Understanding the humor may even be required as an informal badge of membership in the organization.

* subservient: 도움이 되는

1    2    3    4    5

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36. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

The objective of battle, to “throw” the enemy and to make him defenseless, may temporarily blind commanders and even strategists to the larger purpose of war. War is never an isolated act, nor is it ever only one decision.

(A)
To be political, a political entity or a representative of a political entity, whatever its constitutional form, has to have an intention, a will. That intention has to be clearly expressed.
(B)
In the real world, war’s larger purpose is always a political purpose. It transcends the use of force. This insight was famously captured by Clausewitz’s most famous phrase, “War is a mere continuation of politics by other means.”
(C)
And one side’s will has to be transmitted to the enemy at some point during the confrontation (it does not have to be publicly communicated). A violent act and its larger political intention must also be attributed to one side at some point during the confrontation. History does not know of acts of war without eventual attribution.

* entity: 실체 ** transcend: 초월하다







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37. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Experts have identified a large number of measures that promote energy efficiency. Unfortunately many of them are not cost effective. This is a fundamental requirement for energy efficiency investment from an economic perspective.

(A)
And this has direct repercussions at the individual level: households can reduce the cost of electricity and gas bills, and improve their health and comfort, while companies can increase their competitiveness and their productivity. Finally, the market for energy efficiency could contribute to the economy through job and firms creation.
(B)
There are significant externalities to take into account and there are also macroeconomic effects. For instance, at the aggregate level, improving the level of national energy efficiency has positive effects on macroeconomic issues such as energy dependence, climate change, health, national competitiveness and reducing fuel poverty.
(C)
However, the calculation of such cost effectiveness is not easy: it is not simply a case of looking at private costs and comparing them to the reductions achieved.

* repercussion: 반향, 영향 ** aggregate: 집합의







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38. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.

I have still not exactly pinpointed Maddy’s character since wickedness takes many forms.

Imagine I tell you that Maddy is bad. Perhaps you infer from my intonation, or the context in which we are talking, that I mean morally bad. Additionally, you will probably infer that I am disapproving of Maddy, or saying that I think you should disapprove of her, or similar, given typical linguistic conventions and assuming I am sincere. ( ① ) However, you might not get a more detailed sense of the particular sorts of way in which Maddy is bad, her typical character traits, and the like, since people can be bad in many ways. ( ② ) In contrast, if I say that Maddy is wicked, then you get more of a sense of her typical actions and attitudes to others. ( ③ ) The word ‘wicked’ is more specific than ‘bad’. ( ④ ) But there is more detail nevertheless, perhaps a stronger connotation of the sort of person Maddy is. ( ⑤ ) In addition, and again assuming typical linguistic conventions, you should also get a sense that I am disapproving of Maddy, or saying that you should disapprove of her, or similar, assuming that we are still discussing her moral character.

* connotation: 함축

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39. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.

Note that copyright covers the expression of an idea and not the idea itself.

Designers draw on their experience of design when approaching a new project. This includes the use of previous designs that they know work ― both designs that they have created themselves and those that others have created. ( ① ) Others’ creations often spark inspiration that also leads to new ideas and innovation. ( ② ) This is well known and understood. ( ③ ) However, the expression of an idea is protected by copyright, and people who infringe on that copyright can be taken to court and prosecuted. ( ④ ) This means, for example, that while there are numerous smartphones all with similar functionality, this does not represent an infringement of copyright as the idea has been expressed in different ways and it is the expression that has been copyrighted. ( ⑤ ) Copyright is free and is automatically invested in the author, for instance, the writer of a book or a programmer who develops a program, unless they sign the copyright over to someone else.

* infringe: 침해하다 ** prosecute: 기소하다

1    2    3    4    5

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40. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

From a cross-cultural perspective the equation between public leadership and dominance is questionable. What does one mean by ‘dominance’? Does it indicate coercion? Or control over ‘the most valued’? ‘Political’ systems may be about both, either, or conceivably neither. The idea of ‘control’ would be a bothersome one for many peoples, as for instance among many native peoples of Amazonia where all members of a community are fond of their personal autonomy and notably allergic to any obvious expression of control or coercion. The conception of political power as a coercive force, while it may be a Western fixation, is not a universal. It is very unusual for an Amazonian leader to give an order. If many peoples do not view political power as a coercive force, nor as the most valued domain, then the leap from ‘the political’ to ‘domination’ (as coercion), and from there to ‘domination of women’, is a shaky one. As Marilyn Strathern has remarked, the notions of ‘the political’ and ‘political personhood’ are cultural obsessions of our own, a bias long reflected in anthropological constructs.

* coercion: 강제 ** autonomy: 자율 *** anthropological: 인류학의.

It is (A) _________ to understand political power in other cultures through our own notion of it because ideas of political power are not (B) __________ across cultures.







답:   

 

 

41. 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

Our irresistible tendency to see things in human terms ― that we are often mistaken in attributing complex human motives and processing abilities to other species ― does not mean that an animal’s behavior is not, in fact, complex. Rather, it means that the complexity of the animal’s behavior is not purely a (a) product of its internal complexity. Herbert Simon’s “parable of the ant” makes this point very clearly. Imagine an ant walking along a beach, and (b) visualize tracking the trajectory of the ant as it moves. The trajectory would show a lot of twists and turns, and would be very irregular and complicated. One could then suppose that the ant had equally complicated (c) internal navigational abilities, and work out what these were likely to be by analyzing the trajectory to infer the rules and mechanisms that could produce such a complex navigational path. The complexity of the trajectory, however, “is really a complexity in the surface of the beach, not a complexity in the ant.” In reality, the ant may be using a set of very (d) complex rules: it is the interaction of these rules with the environment that actually produces the complex trajectory, not the ant alone. Put more generally, the parable of the ant illustrates that there is no necessary correlation between the complexity of an (e) observed behavior and the complexity of the mechanism that produces it.

* parable: 우화 ** trajectory: 이동 경로







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42. 밑줄 친 (a)~(e) 중에서 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?

Our irresistible tendency to see things in human terms ― that we are often mistaken in attributing complex human motives and processing abilities to other species ― does not mean that an animal’s behavior is not, in fact, complex. Rather, it means that the complexity of the animal’s behavior is not purely a (a) product of its internal complexity. Herbert Simon’s “parable of the ant” makes this point very clearly. Imagine an ant walking along a beach, and (b) visualize tracking the trajectory of the ant as it moves. The trajectory would show a lot of twists and turns, and would be very irregular and complicated. One could then suppose that the ant had equally complicated (c) internal navigational abilities, and work out what these were likely to be by analyzing the trajectory to infer the rules and mechanisms that could produce such a complex navigational path. The complexity of the trajectory, however, “is really a complexity in the surface of the beach, not a complexity in the ant.” In reality, the ant may be using a set of very (d) complex rules: it is the interaction of these rules with the environment that actually produces the complex trajectory, not the ant alone. Put more generally, the parable of the ant illustrates that there is no necessary correlation between the complexity of an (e) observed behavior and the complexity of the mechanism that produces it.

* parable: 우화 ** trajectory: 이동 경로







답:   

 

 

43. 주어진 글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로 가장 적절한 것은?

(A)

In this area, heavy snow in winter was not uncommon. Sometimes it poured down for hours and hours and piled up very high. Then, no one could go out. Today too, because of the heavy snow, Mom was doing her office work at the kitchen table. Felix, the high schooler, had to take online classes in his room. Five-year-old Sean, who normally went to kindergarten, was sneaking around in the house playing home policeman. (a) The kindergartener wanted to know what his family members were up to, and was checking up on everyone.
* sneak: 몰래 움직이다.

(B)
“All right. I’m sure you’re doing your work.” Mom replied, and then sharply added a question. “Sean, what are you doing?” Sean’s face immediately became blank, and he said, “Nothing.” “Come here, Honey, and you can help me.” Sean ran to the kitchen right away. “What can I do for you, Mom?” His voice was high, and Felix could sense that his brother was excited. Felix was pleased to get rid of (b) the policeman, and now he could concentrate on the lesson, at least till Sean came back.

(C)
While checking on his family, Sean interfered in their business as if it was his own. This time, (c) the playful and curious boy was interested in his brother Felix, who committed himself to studying no matter where he was. Sean secretly looked inside his brother’s room from the door, and shouted toward the kitchen where Mom was working, “Mom, Felix isn’t studying. He’s just watching a funny video.” Sean was naughtily smiling at his brother.
* naughtily: 짓궂게.

(D)
Felix was mad because (d) his little brother was bothering him. Felix was studying science using a video posted on the school web site. He made an angry face at the naughty boy. Right then, Mom asked loudly from the kitchen, “What are you doing, Felix?” Felix’s room was located next to the kitchen, and he could hear Mom clearly. “I’m watching a lecture video for my science class.” Felix argued against Sean’s accusation and mischievously stuck (e) his tongue out at his little brother.
* mischievously: 장난기 있게







답:   

 

 

44. 밑줄 친 (a)~(e) 중에서 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?

(A)

In this area, heavy snow in winter was not uncommon. Sometimes it poured down for hours and hours and piled up very high. Then, no one could go out. Today too, because of the heavy snow, Mom was doing her office work at the kitchen table. Felix, the high schooler, had to take online classes in his room. Five-year-old Sean, who normally went to kindergarten, was sneaking around in the house playing home policeman. (a) The kindergartener wanted to know what his family members were up to, and was checking up on everyone.
* sneak: 몰래 움직이다.

(B)
“All right. I’m sure you’re doing your work.” Mom replied, and then sharply added a question. “Sean, what are you doing?” Sean’s face immediately became blank, and he said, “Nothing.” “Come here, Honey, and you can help me.” Sean ran to the kitchen right away. “What can I do for you, Mom?” His voice was high, and Felix could sense that his brother was excited. Felix was pleased to get rid of (b) the policeman, and now he could concentrate on the lesson, at least till Sean came back.

(C)
While checking on his family, Sean interfered in their business as if it was his own. This time, (c) the playful and curious boy was interested in his brother Felix, who committed himself to studying no matter where he was. Sean secretly looked inside his brother’s room from the door, and shouted toward the kitchen where Mom was working, “Mom, Felix isn’t studying. He’s just watching a funny video.” Sean was naughtily smiling at his brother.
* naughtily: 짓궂게.

(D)
Felix was mad because (d) his little brother was bothering him. Felix was studying science using a video posted on the school web site. He made an angry face at the naughty boy. Right then, Mom asked loudly from the kitchen, “What are you doing, Felix?” Felix’s room was located next to the kitchen, and he could hear Mom clearly. “I’m watching a lecture video for my science class.” Felix argued against Sean’s accusation and mischievously stuck (e) his tongue out at his little brother.
* mischievously: 장난기 있게







답:   

 

 

45. 글에 관한 내용으로 적절하지 않은 것은?

(A)

In this area, heavy snow in winter was not uncommon. Sometimes it poured down for hours and hours and piled up very high. Then, no one could go out. Today too, because of the heavy snow, Mom was doing her office work at the kitchen table. Felix, the high schooler, had to take online classes in his room. Five-year-old Sean, who normally went to kindergarten, was sneaking around in the house playing home policeman. (a) The kindergartener wanted to know what his family members were up to, and was checking up on everyone.
* sneak: 몰래 움직이다.

(B)
“All right. I’m sure you’re doing your work.” Mom replied, and then sharply added a question. “Sean, what are you doing?” Sean’s face immediately became blank, and he said, “Nothing.” “Come here, Honey, and you can help me.” Sean ran to the kitchen right away. “What can I do for you, Mom?” His voice was high, and Felix could sense that his brother was excited. Felix was pleased to get rid of (b) the policeman, and now he could concentrate on the lesson, at least till Sean came back.

(C)
While checking on his family, Sean interfered in their business as if it was his own. This time, (c) the playful and curious boy was interested in his brother Felix, who committed himself to studying no matter where he was. Sean secretly looked inside his brother’s room from the door, and shouted toward the kitchen where Mom was working, “Mom, Felix isn’t studying. He’s just watching a funny video.” Sean was naughtily smiling at his brother.
* naughtily: 짓궂게.

(D)
Felix was mad because (d) his little brother was bothering him. Felix was studying science using a video posted on the school web site. He made an angry face at the naughty boy. Right then, Mom asked loudly from the kitchen, “What are you doing, Felix?” Felix’s room was located next to the kitchen, and he could hear Mom clearly. “I’m watching a lecture video for my science class.” Felix argued against Sean’s accusation and mischievously stuck (e) his tongue out at his little brother.
* mischievously: 장난기 있게







답:   

 

 


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2023.9 모의평가 2023.6 모의평가 2020.6 모의평가 2019.9. 모의평가 2019.6. 모의평가 2016.9. 모의평가 2016.6. 모의평가