The above tables show the resident patent applications per million population for the top 6 origins in 2009 and in 2019. ① The Republic of Korea, Japan, and Switzerland, the top three origins in 2009, maintained their rankings in 2019. ② Germany, which sat fourth on the 2009 list with 891 resident patent applications per million population, fell to fifth place on the 2019 list with 884 resident patent applications per million population. ③ The U.S. fell from fifth place on the 2009 list to sixth place on the 2019 list, showing a decrease in the number of resident patent applications per million population. ④ Among the top 6 origins which made the list in 2009, Finland was the only origin which did not make it again in 2019. ⑤ On the other hand, China, which did not make the list of the top 6 origins in 2009, sat fourth on the 2019 list with 890 resident patent applications per million population.